STUDIES ON THE GENERAGYROSIGMAANDPLEUROSIGMA(BACILLARIOPHYCEAE)

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Abstract
Although Gyrosigma hippocampus (Ehrenb.) Hassall has been designated the typus generis of Gyrosigma (nomen conservandum), it is a synonym of G. attenuatum (Kütz.) Rabenh. and consequently an illegitimate name. The marine taxon “Pleurosigma hippocampus” W. Smith differs fundamentally from Gyrosigma attenuatum (Kütz.) Rabenh. and thus requires renaming: Gyrosigma euhippus (W. Smith) Sterrenburg & Ross. “Pleurosigma acuminatum” sensu W. Smith is not equivalent to Gyrosigma acuminatum (Kütz.) Rabenh., nor is it a variety of the latter or of G. attenuatum. It requires re-definition and renaming: Gyrosigma scalprum (Gaillon in Turpin) Sterrenburg. This survey of the known species in H. Peragallo's sub-group “Attenuati” is completed by studies on Gyrosigma littorale (W. Smith) Griffith & Henfrey and G. stidolphii n. sp. All species were referenced to the types. They are easily distinguished if reliable criteria (Sterrenburg 1991b) are used.