A Major Role for Mitotic cdc2 Kinase Inactivation in the Establishment of the Mitotic DNA Damage Checkpoint

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Abstract
Cdc2 kinase is inactivated when DNA damage occurs during the spindle assembly checkpoint. Here, we show that the level of mitotic Bloom syndrome protein phosphorylation reflects the level of cdc2 activity. A complete inactivation of cdc2 by either introduction of DNA double-strand breaks or roscovitine treatment prevents exit from mitosis. Thus, mitotic cdc2 inactivation plays a major role in the establishment of the mitotic DNA damage checkpoint. In response to mitotic cdc2 inactivation, the M/G1 transition is delayed after releasing the drug block in nonmalignant cells, whereas tumor cells exit mitosis without dividing and rereplicate their DNA, which results in mitotic catastrophe. This opens the way for new chemotherapeutic strategies.