Development and Field Testing of a Quantitative Technique for Extracting Bean Leaf Beetle 1 Larvae and Pupae from Soil 23

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Abstract
We describe a rapid and efficient technique for extracting from soil samples immature bean leaf beetles (BLB), Cerotoma trifurcata (Forster), other than small first instars. The percent recovery did not differ between 2 soil types and differed only slightly with larval size. Recovery from samples stored at 12°C (one layer deep to avoid crushing) was about 90% after one week but then declined rapidly. Some extracted larvae survived to maturity, suggesting that this method could be used to extract some species which cannot be identified as larvae. Other samples were frozen, killing the larvae, but giving a recovery rate of about 89% after 18 days. In field samples, 92.3% of the BLBs were found within 7.6 cm of the soil surface. Immature BLBs were most abundant in 5.1×5.1-cm samples centered on the row, but also occurred in samples of the same size contiguous to the center sample on either side of the row.

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