EFFECT OF GLUCAGON AND EPINEPHRINE ON REGIONAL METABOLISM OF GLUCOSE, PYRUVATE, LACTATE, AND CITRATE IN NORMAL CONSCIOUS DOGS1

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Abstract
Simultaneous arterio-venous concentration gradients and blood flow were measured across the liver and hindquarters following the administration of glucagon and epinephrine in postabsorptive and fasted, conscious dogs. In the postabsorptive dog glucagon increased the production of glucose and the uptake of pyruvate, lactate and citrate by the liver. Glucagon also increased the net production of lactate and citrate by the hindquarters; hindquarter uptake of pyruvate increased slightly. Hepatic blood flow increased and hind limb blood flow decreased after glucagon administration. The data indicate considerable recycling of the organic acids. Fasting depressed the effects of glucagon on regional glucose metabolism and regional blood flow but not on regional pyruvate, lactate or citrate metabolism. Thus, the effects of glucagon on peripheral glucose uptake and blood flow appear to be related to changes in blood glucose levels while the effects of both hepatic and peripheral metabolism of the other compounds measured do not. In contrast to glucagon, epinephrine decreased hindquarter uptake of pyruvate and glucose. However, as with glucagon, small doses of epinephrine increased the net peripheral production of pyruvate and lactate; at the same time it also increased their uptake by the liver. In general, epinephrine, like glucagon, affected the homeostatic balance between liver and peripheral tissues by increasing the hepatic glycogenolysis as well as accelerating the circulation of the components of the Cori cycle.

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