A 5‘-(Trifluoromethyl)anthracycline Glycoside: Synthesis of Antitumor-Active 7-O-(2,6-Dideoxy-6,6,6-trifluoro-α-l-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)adriamycinone

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Abstract
7-O-(2,6-Dideoxy-6,6,6-trifluoro-α-l-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)adriamycinone (3), whose substituent at C-5‘ is a lipophilic trifluoromethyl group, has been prepared by coupling of 3,4-di-O-acetyl-2,6-dideoxy-6,6,6-trifluoro-α-l-lyxo-hexopyranosyl bromide (20) with 14-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)adriamycinone under the Koenigs−Knorr conditions. The key step in this synthesis was the C-trifluoromethylation of 5-O-acetyl-2,3-di-O-benzyl-4-deoxy-aldehydo-l-erythro-pentose (10), derived from d-lyxose in 10 steps, with (trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane in the presence of tetrabutylammonium fluoride, whereupon 1,1,1-trifluoro-l-arabino-hexitol (11) was obtained along with its 2-epimer. The synthetic product 3 showed remarkable antitumor activity in vivo in a low dose range compared to the analogs including doxorubicin. The fact may be ascribed to the presence of a trifluoromethyl group at C-5‘, suggesting the importance of the group in view of biological activity.