Chromomycosis

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Abstract
Chromomycosis is a general term to express human and animal fungal infections caused by members of the family Dematiaceae (dark brown or black fungi). Unique host-parasite relationships produce a wide spectrum of clinical disease, sometimes difficult to treat. Four major categories are recognized: superficial chromomycosis.sbd.a pigmented macule produced by fungus inhabiting exclusively the dead horny layer (stratum corneum) of the skin, as in tinea nigra palmaris; chromoblastomycosis.sbd.a verrucous, slow growing nodule or plaque produced by fungi, characteristically and exclusively present as large brown spherical bodies (chromo bodies) in the dermis; chromohyphomycosis.sbd.a dermal nodule produced by fungi displaying typical brown septated hyphae; rarely, the fungus may appear as a yeast; it may occur in deeper tissues, i.e., muscles, bone and brain or it may also involve the eye (keratomycosis); chromomycetoma.sbd.tumefaction, draining sinuses and the presence of granular colonies. Dematiaceae are found more frequently in veterinary than in human medicine.