Conduction in curvilinear constrictions: Generalization of the Landauer formula

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Abstract
We have generalized the multichannel Landauer formula to the case of leads with a variable cross section. Local equilibrium is achieved as a result of widening the constriction, rather than by the usual introduction of reservoirs and inelastic scattering. The generalized formula provides an explicit dependence of the conductance on the position of the voltage probes. We show that the previous Landauer formulas are obtained as limiting cases. Application of this formula to ballistic transport predicts new structure for the conductance.

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