The mechanism of polysaccharide production from sucrose. 4. Isolation and probable structures of oligosaccharides formed from sucrose by a levansucrase system

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Abstract
A series of fructo-oligo-saccharides was formed from sucrose by growing cells of Aerobacter levanicum and by the cell-free levansucrase solution of A levanicum. All the formed fructo-oligosaccharides were readily hydrolyzed by yeast invertase but were not measurably degraded by levansucrase. Their separation, purification and probable structures are described. The major oligosaccharide product of reaction was 1F-[beta]-fructosylsucrose. Traces of 6F-[beta]-fructosylsucrose were produced. Oligorepetitive trans-fructosylation from sucrose to 1F-[beta]-fructosylsucrose gave mono-, di-and tri-fructosides of 1F-[beta]-fructosylsucrose. By transfer to 6F-[beta]-fructosylsucrose a monofructoside of this trisaccharide was formed. Transfructosylation from sucrose to fructose afforded the [beta]-fructo-sylfructose isomers, inulobiose and levanbiose. Transfructosylation from sucrose to carbinol positions in glucose (both free glucose and the glycosylmoiety of sucrose) resulted in the production of isomeric [beta]-fructosylglucoses: the known 6- and the hitherto unknown isomers, 2- and 3-[beta]-fructosylglucoses. The energy requirement of glycoside synthesis at the secondary and primary carbinol positions of glucose is discussed.