Studies on Distillation: XX. Efficiency of Selected Types of Large Distillation Trays at Total Reflux

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Abstract
Using improved methods of vapor and liquid sampling of the streams around a distillation tray, it was possible to obtain accurate values of the compositions of all these streams. These data enabled us to calculate the liquid weeping and carryover from the tray, where the latter data agree reasonably with published correlations and to determine plate efficiencies in the presence of such entrainment streams. Three tray efficiencies are considered' the apparent, based on the actual stream concentrations; the reduced, based on the use of reduced concentrations introduced recently; and the conventional, based on an incorrect, but generally employed, procedure. The data were obtained on a large research distillation column by testing bubble-cap, sieve, Uniflux, APV-West, Ripple, and Turbogrid trays. The conventional efficiencies are also compared with published correlations, usually with fair agreement.

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