Soft-X-Ray Microscopes

Abstract
Biologists have long dreamed of a microscope capable of imaging specimens in their natural state, at molecular or near‐molecular resolution. Physicists have for some years known that the soft‐x‐ray photon has properties that suit it for use as a probe in such microscopy. With the advent of synchrotron radiation sources, and with other technical advances, the difficulties that impeded the development of soft‐x‐ray microscopy have begun to give way, and in 1983 the technique produced the first images ever obtained of a living cell at a near‐molecular resolution of 75 Å.

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