Development of a microtitre fluorescent antibody test for serological detection of adenovirus infection in birds

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Abstract
The development of a microtiter fluorescent antibody test for detection of adenovirus antibody is described. Chick embryo liver cells, infected with fowl adenovirus were more suitable for the test than chick kidney, since a proportion of the chick kidney cells contained nonviral cytoplasmic inclusions which were easily confused with specific viral fluorescence at the low power magnifications used in the test. A single positive serum would stain cultures infected with 11 different serotypes of fowl adenovirus, and 2 serotypes of turkey adenovirus with only minor differences in titer, thus confirming the presence of a common antigen in fowl and turkey adenoviruses. In a survey for adenovirus antibody, a total of 595 avian sera (453 fowl and 142 turkey) were screened by double immunodiffusion and microtiter fluorescence. A total of 52.6% of the sera was positive by double immunodiffusion while 70.8% were positive by microtiter fluorescence.