Uromodulin: An Immunoregulatory Glycoprotein Isolated From Pregnancy Urine That Binds to and Regulates the Activity of Interleukin 1

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Abstract
Uromodulin is an 85 kilodalton glycoprotein originally isolated from human pregnancy which has been shown to inhibit antigen specific T cell responses to recall antigens such as tetanus toxoid. We have also found that uromodulin is a high affinity ligand for interleukin 1 and is able to regulate the activity of interleukin 1 in vitro. Finally, we present data that free interleukin 2 receptor can be found in human pregnancy urine. We propose that a number of immunoregulatory phenomena associated with pregnancy are due to molecules able to specifically regulate interleukin 1 and interleukin 2.