Adjuvant and Immunosuppressive Effects of Retinol and Tween 80 on IgG Production in Mice

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Abstract
The effect of retinol emulsified in Tween 80, alone or in combination with Al(OH)3, on the adjuvant-independent and dependent IgG responses to ovalbumin (OA) were examined by passive hemagglutination and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, respectively. High antibody levels were detected after a second injection of OA on day 30, however, primary IgG antibodies were either partially (adjuvant independent) or totally (adjuvant dependent) suppressed. Animals treated with saline:Tween 80 prior to immunization with OA in saline as a control produced no detectable antibody response after either antigen injection. Additional control animals pretreated with saline:Tween 80 and then immunized with OA absorbed to Al(OH)3 [OA:Al(OH)3] showed suppressed primary responses and a significant increase in antibody levels after a second injection of OA:Al(OH)3. These results indicate that although the retinol component of retinol·Tween 80 caused an immunopotentiation, the Tween 80 component effected a temporary suppression.