Fluctuations in laser theories

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Abstract
The influence of fluctuations on two models relevant in solid-state laser theory is discussed. One model is the usual solid-state laser model, the other describes a laser with an unstable saturable absorber. For the usual solid-state laser it is shown that fluctuations act as singular perturbations of a bifurcation. Also derived is a simplified master equation whose stationary solution is in near-perfect agreement with the known exact stationary properties of the laser. For the laser with absorber the fluctuations are shown to act as singular perturbations for some solutions and singular destruction for other solutions. A simplified master equation is also derived for this model, and its stationary solution is compared with the known exact stationary distribution. Here too very good agreement is found whenever comparison is possible.

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