Three dimensional nonlinear theory of the gyropeniotron amplifier

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Abstract
The saturation regime of gyropeniotron interaction in a cylindrical waveguide with slotted wall (magnetron type) is studied by developing a three-dimensional nonlinear theory for the amplifier. The wave amplitude is calculated self-consistently in the presence of the RF current modulation by solving a set of coupled nonlinear differential equations. Extremely high efficiency of about 75% is calculated for interaction between the n-mode and the second cyclotron harmonic of a 70kV, 3·5 A beam with v⊥=/vz2 under ideal conditions of zero velocity spread and on-axis guiding centre location. The effects of spread in beam velocity and guiding centre position are also calculated. An efficiency of about 38% is obtained for a beam with 5% velocity spread and 10% guiding centre spread. The performance characteristics of the amplifier are shown for cyclotron harmonics up to order s = 8. The efficiency drops to 22% at s equals; 8.

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