Geometries and focal properties of two electron-lens systems useful in low-energy electron or ion scattering

Publisher Website
Google Scholar
Abstract
Geometries and focal properties are given for two types of electron-lens systems commonly needed in electron scattering. One is an electron gun which focuses electrons from a thermionic emitter onto a fixed point (target) over a wide range of final energies. The other is an electron analyzer system which focuses scattered electrons of variable energy onto a fixed position (e.g., the entrance plane of an analyzer) at fixed energy with a zero final beam angle. Analyzer-system focusing properties are given for superelastic, elastic, and inelastically-scattered electrons. Computer calculations using recent, accurate tube-lens focal properties are used to compute lens voltages, locations and diameters of all pupils and windows, and filling factors and asymptotic rays throughout each lens system. Focus voltages as a function of electron energy and energy change are given, and limits of operation of each system discussed. Both lens systems have been in routine use for several years, and good agreement has been consistently found between calculated and operating lens voltages.