Theoretical Calculation of Photonic Gap in Semiconductor 2-Dimensional Photonic Crystals with Various Shapes of Optical Atoms

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Abstract
Photonic band gaps are calculated for various structures of semiconductor 2-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals for effective control of spontaneous emission. When the structure consists of a semiconductor and air, only circular holes periodically formed on the semiconductor substrate show the absolute 2D photonic gaps. However, it was seen that circular rods whose surface is covered with a dielectric film show a wide TM absolute gap. The latter is a promising structure due to the ease of fabrication and the small nonradiative recombination expected by the passivated semiconductor surface.