Antifungal action of Carica papaya latex: Isolation of fungal cell wall hydrolysing enzymes
- 1 November 1991
- Vol. 34 (11-12) , 469-477
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0507.1991.tb00862.x
Abstract
Summary. Carica papaya latex inhibits the growth of Candida albicans. Latex proteins appear to be responsible for this antifungal effect. The minimum protein concentration for producing a complete inhibition was estimated to be about 138 μg ml‐1. Exploration of different glycosidic activities shows that only α‐D‐mannosidase and N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminidase were present in latex in important levels and they were partially purified. The two enzymes show a limited inhibitory effect on yeast growth, α‐D‐mannosidase being more efficient than N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminidase. A mixture of the two enzymes showed a synergistic action on the inhibition of the yeast growth. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy observations showed a lack of polysac‐charidic content on outermost layers of yeast cell walls when α‐D‐mannosidase was added to the culture medium. When C. albicans was cultured in medium supplemented with N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminidase a lack of polysaccharides was noted not only in the outermost layers of fungal cell wall but also in the inner layers. The potential utilization of latex glycosidases in combination with antifungals such as polyenes and azoles involving the formation of protoplasts is discussed.Zusammenfassung. Carica papaya‐Milchsaft hemmt das Wachstum von Candida albicans. Für diese Wirkung sind offenbar Milchsaft‐Proteine verantwortlich. Die minimale, komplett hemmende Protein‐Konzentration liegt bei 138 μg ml‐1. Die Untersuchung der einzelnen Glykosidase‐Aktivitäten ergab, daß nur α‐D‐Mannosidase und N‐Acetyl‐β‐D‐Glucosaminidase in nennenswerten Konzentrationen im Milchsaft vorkommen und daß diese Enzyme teilweise rein vorliegen. Beide Enzyme bewirken einen begrenzten Hemmeffekt auf das Hefewachstum. α‐D‐Mannosidase ist wirksamer als N‐Acetyl‐β‐D‐Glucosaminidase. Die Mischung beider zeigt einen synergistischen Effekt auf die Hefewachstumshemmung. Raster‐ und transmissionselek‐tronenmikroskopische Beobachtungen zeigten bei Zusatz von α‐D‐Mannosidase zum Kulturmedium eine Verarmung des Polysaccharidgehaltes der äußersten Hefezellwandschichten. Wurde C. albicans in N‐Acetyl‐β‐D‐Glucosaminidase‐haltigem Nährmedium kultiviert, verarmten die Hefezellwände nicht nur in den äußeren, sondern auch in den inneren Schichten an Polysacchari‐den. Die potentielle Nutzung von Milchsaft‐Glykosidasen in Kombination mit Antimyzetika wie Polyenen und Azolen zur Protoplastenbil‐dung bei Hefen wird diskutiert.Keywords
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