Conductivity and anomalous polarization in ceramicferroelectrics with perovskite structure

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Abstract
Examination of data obtained during the study of conductivity and slow polarization processes in barium and lead titanates1,2 has shown that the determining part in these processes is played by oxygen vacancies [image omitted]. The occurrence of [image omitted] depends on oxygen diffusion conditions, the surrounding medium at a high-temperature firing and variable valence of the titaniumion. According to a degree of occupance of [image omitted] by electrons they can create donor (F2-centres) or acceptor (F0-centres) levels within the energy gap.