Deep MMT Transity Survey of the Open Cluster M37 II: Variable Stars
Abstract
We have conducted a deep (15 < r < 23), 20 night survey for transiting planets in the intermediate age (~500 Myr) open cluster M37 (NGC 2099) using the Megacam wide-field mosaic CCD camera on the 6.5m Multiple Mirror Telescope (MMT). In this paper we present a catalog and light curves for 1409 variable stars; 1395 (99%) of these are new discoveries. A substantial fraction (>~ 500) of these variables are most likely rapidly rotating young low mass stars that are members of the cluster. We identify and analyze five particularly interesting individual variables including a previously identified variable which we suggest is probably a hybrid gamma-Doradus/delta-Scuti pulsator, an enigmatic white dwarf or subdwarf B star that shows pulsation like variations with a period of 0.157728 +- 0.00001 days and an amplitude of 0.07 mag in r, a possible quiescent cataclysmic variable, a detached eclipsing binary (DEB) with at least one gamma-Doradus pulsating component (only the second such variable found in an eclipsing binary), and a low mass (M_{P} ~ M_{S} ~ 0.6 M_{\odot}) DEB that is a possible cluster member. A preliminary determination of the physical parameters for the DEB+gamma-Doradus system yields M_{P} = 1.58 +- 0.04 M_{\odot}, M_{S} = 1.58 +- 0.04 M_{\odot}, R_{P} = 1.39 +- 0.07 R_{\odot} and R_{S} = 1.38 +- 0.07 R_{\odot}.Keywords
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