Infection of broiler parent hens with avian intestinal spirochaetes: Effects on egg production and chick quality

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Abstract
Broiler parent hens were inoculated with avian intestinal spirochaetes several weeks before the onset of egg production. The infection persisted, wet droppings developed, and egg production, mean egg weight and carotenoid contents of the eggs were decreased. Hatching eggs were collected and incubated. In broilers which hatched from these eggs, reduced gain in body weight at 2 and 3 weeks of age, wet droppings, low plasma carotenoid concentration and elevated alkaline phosphatase activity in the blood plasma were observed. Spirochaetes were not detected in these broilers. These findings demonstrated the deleterious effects on chick quality of parental infection with avian intestinal spirochaetes. Avian intestinal spirochaetosis was diagnosed in about 2.5% of all submissions from reproductive flocks in 1991.