Properties and uses of neem, Azadirachta indica

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Abstract
The versatility of the neem tree Azadirachta indica A. Juss. is reviewed. This species, native to India, grows in nutrient-poor soils in arid habitats and has tremendous potential for human use. Various derivatives of the tree have potential use in toiletries, pharmaceuticals, the manufacture of agriculture implements and furniture, cattle and poultry feeds, nitrification of soils for various agricultural crops, and pest control. Since neem is a natural renewal resource producing extensive useful biomass, its propagation and economic exploitation will be beneficial, particularly to the Third World. In recent years, some useful commercial products have been developed from A. indica, and there is considerable scope for future product development. Potentially profitable lines of research on this plant species are suggested.