Effect of Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency and Type of Dietary Fat Supplementation on Biotin-deficient Chicks

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Abstract
The effect of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids on some aspects of biotin deficiency was investigated. The addition of polyunsaturated fatty acids to a fat-free, biotin-deficient diet increased the severity of the dermal lesions, whereas the addition of a saturated oil decreased the severity of these lesions when compared to the dermal lesions of the birds fed the fat-free, biotin-deficient diet. Biotin deficiency resulted in a significant increase in palmitoleic acid and no change in palmitic acid in liver lipids in all dietary fat treatments. Stearic acid and oleic acid were slightly higher in liver lipids when biotin was included in the ration regardless of the fat supplementation. There were no consistent changes in any of the other fatty acids in liver lipids as a result of biotin deficiency. The ratio of 16-carbon to 18-carbon fatty acids in liver lipids was increased in biotin-deficient chicks in each treatment. Adipose tissue fatty acid composition changed in the same direction as liver lipids in biotin-deficient chickens. Although muscle tissue fatty acid composition changes followed the same trend, the changes were not of as great a magnitude as those observed in liver and adipose tissue lipids.

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