4D Radial Acquisition Contrast-Enhanced MR Angiography and Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations

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Abstract
Background and Purpose—The current gold standard for imaging intracranial AVMs involves catheter-based techniques, namely cerebral digital subtraction angiography (DSA). However, DSA presents some procedural risks to the patient. Unfortunately, AVM patients usually undergo multiple DSA exams throughout their diagnostic and therapeutic course, significantly increasing their procedural risk exposure. As such, high-quality noninvasive imaging is desired. We hypothesize that 4D radial acquisition contrast-enhanced MRA approximates the vascular architecture and hemodynamics of AVMs compared to conventional angiography. Methods—Thirteen consecutive AVM patients were assessed by 4D radial acquisition contrast-enhanced MRA and DSA. The 4D rCE-MRA images were independently assessed regarding the location, nidal size, Spetzler–Martin grade, and identification of arterial feeders, drainage pattern, and any other vascular anomalies. Results—4D rCE-MRA correctly depicted the size, venous drainage pattern, and prominen...