THE PROGENY OFBROWN: FROM THE OLD FREEDOM OFCHOICE TO THE NEW FREEDOM OF CHOICE IN FOUR DECADES
- 1 July 1994
- journal article
- Published by Taylor & Francis in Urban Geography
- Vol. 15 (5) , 435-453
- https://doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.15.5.435
Abstract
This paper discusses the evolution of school desegregation plans from (a) freedom-of-choice plans in the 1950s and 1960s, to (b) mandatory reassignment plans in the 1970s, to (c) voluntary plans with magnet incentives in the 1980s and 1990s. The desegregation and white-flight outcomes of these three different types of desegregation plans areanalyzed in two school districts, one southern—Savannah, Georgia—and one northern—Stockton, California. The mandatory plans, implemented in the 1970s to replace voluntarytransfer plans, produced significant white flight so that by 1986 and 1991, respectively, thecourts had agreed to allow new voluntary plans with incentives in the form of magnetprograms to motivate integrative transfers. These plans at a minimum produced as muchinterracial exposure as the prior mandatory reassignment plans.Keywords
This publication has 10 references indexed in Scilit:
- The Carrot or the Stick for School Desegregation Policy?Urban Affairs Quarterly, 1990
- Is it the Busing or the Blacks?Urban Affairs Quarterly, 1988
- School BusingPublished by Springer Nature ,1988
- Estimating the Net Benefit of School Desegregation ReassignmentsEducational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 1985
- Reducing Racial Isolation in Large School DistrictsUrban Education, 1983
- White Flight and the Future of School DesegregationPublished by Springer Nature ,1980
- Magnet Schools as a Desegregation ToolUrban Education, 1979
- From Brown to BakkePublished by Oxford University Press (OUP) ,1979
- Population stability and equal rightsSociety, 1977
- Trends in Residential Segregation: 1960-1970American Journal of Sociology, 1977