Inhibitory effects of Korean plants on HIV‐1 activities

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Abstract
In the search for novel anti‐human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (anti‐HIV‐1) agents from natural sources, 49 MeOH extracts of Korean plants were screened for their inhibitory effects against RNA‐dependent DNA polymerase (RT) and ribonuclease H (RNase H) activities of HIV‐1 reverse transcriptase and HIV‐1 protease, and anti‐HIV‐1 activity. Regarding the HIV‐1 reverse transcriptase, Agrimonia ­pilosa (whole plant), Cornus kousa (stem and leaf), Limonium tetragonum (root) and Mallotus japonicus (stem) showed significant inhibitory activity on RT activity with 50% inhibitory activity (IC50) of 8.9, 6.3, 7.5 and 11.9 µg/mL, respectively, whereas Agrimonia pilosa was also active against RNase H activity (IC50 = 98.4 µg/mL). Four plants, namely Agrimonia pilosa (whole plant), Atractylodes japonica (root), Clematis heracleifolia (whole plant) and Syneilesis palmata (whole plant), were appreciably active (Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum (root) showed significant anti‐HIV‐1 activity (ED50 = 12.5 µg/mL) with a favourable SI value of 16. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.