Comparison of supercritical fluid and solvent extraction methods in extracting γ‐oryzanol from rice bran

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Abstract
Organic solvents were compared with supercritical CO2 relative to efficiency for extracting lipid and γ‐oryzanol from rice bran. A solvent mixture with 50% hexane and 50% isopropanol (vol/vol) at a temperature of 60°C for 45–60 min produced the highest yield (1.68 mg/g of rice bran) of γ‐oryzanol among organic solvents tested. The yield of γ‐oryzanol without saponification was approximately two times higher (P<0.05) than that with saponification during solvent extraction. However, the yield (5.39 mg/g of rice bran) of γ‐oryzanol in supercritical fluid extraction under a temperature of 50°C, pressure of 68,901 kPa (680 atm), and time of 25 min was approximately four times higher than the highest yield of solvent extraction. Also, a high concentration of γ‐oryzanol in extract (50–80%) was obtained by collecting the extract after 15–20 min of extraction under optimized conditions.