Chemical Mutagenesis at the Phosphoribosyltransferase Locus in Cultured Human Lymphoblasts

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Abstract
The presence of selectable genetic markers in long-term human lymphoblast cultures would facilitate cell hybridization experiments on the biosynthesis of immunoglobulins, as well as other studies. This work reports the induction with ethylmethane sulfonate of 6-thioguanine - resistant, phosphoribosyltransferase - deficient mutants in a lymphoblast line from a patient with infectious mononucleosis. These cells were unusually sensitive, with a D(0) value of 28 mug of ethylmethane sulfonate per ml; the sensitivity curve followed a biphasic pattern suggesting the presence of 3% resistant cells. Ethylmethane sulfonate increased the frequency of mutants resistant to 6-thioguanine over 100-fold, to about 2 x 10(-4); nitrosoguanidine was less effective. Almost all the mutants contained considerably less than 1% of the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8) activity of wild-type cells. The mutation did not appear to result from loss of an X chromosome.