Direct electrochemical determination of pyruvate in human sweat by capillary zone electrophoresis

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Abstract
Capillary zone electrophoresis was employed for the determination of pyruvate in human sweat using electrochemical detection with a carbon fiber microdisk bundle electrode at a constant potential of 1.60 V vs. saturated calomel electrode. The optimum separation conditions are 3.6×10–3 mol/L Na2HPO4‐1.4×10–3 mol/L NaH2PO4 (pH 7.2) for the buffer solution, and 18 kV for the separation voltage. The limits of detection of pyruvate are 8.0×10–6 mol/L or 24 fmol (S/N = 3) for the injection voltage of 6 kV and the injection time of 10 s. The relative standard deviation is 2.0% for the migration time and 5.7% for the electrophoretic peak current. The method was applied to determining pyruvate in human sweat.