The Gauge and Lorentz invariance of the non-linear ponderomotive 4-force
- 1 April 1990
- journal article
- Published by IOP Publishing in Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
- Vol. 32 (4) , 297-302
- https://doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/32/4/006
Abstract
The non-linear ponderomotive force of laser-plasma interactions given by HORA (1985, Physics Fluids 28, 3706) is used as a basis for deriving the Lorentz and Gauge invariant expression. Hora's expression is reformulated as a 4-force in Minkowski space-time. The stress-energy tensor of this system is also derived. The Gauge invariance and Lorentz invariance are a direct result of the reformulation.Keywords
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