Equilibrium charge-state distributions and multiple-scattering angles of 1- and 2-MeV krypton ions in carbon foils

The equilibrium charge-state distributions of 1- and 2-MeV krypton ions in carbon foils are found to be nearly Gaussian, with mean charges $\overline{q}=3.1\mathrm{}\pm 1.0 \mathrm{and} 5.6\pm 0.35$ and full widths at half maximum (FWHM) $d=1.6\mathrm{}\pm 0.8 \mathrm{and} 1.8\pm 0.2$, respectively. The authors show a simple logarithmic behavior of $\overline{q}$ and $d$ for krypton as a function of incident beam energy. FWHM multiple-scattering angles in the laboratory frame for 1- and 2-MeV krypton ions in carbon foils (thickness 6.5±1.0 μg/${\mathrm{cm}}^2$) of ${\theta }_{\mathrm{FWHM}}=0.052\mathrm{}\pm 0.014 \mathrm{and} 0.032\pm 0.010$ radians, respectively, were observed. These values for ${\theta }_{\mathrm{FWHM}}$ agree satisfactorily with the theoretical work of Meyer and are consistent with the observations of Bernhard et al.