Development of an aerosol model of murine respiratory mycoplasmosis in mice

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Abstract
Animal models of murine respiratory mycoplasmosis due to Mycoplasma pulmonis provide excellent opportunities to study respiratory diseases due to an infectious agent. The purpose of the present study was to develop and characterize an aerosol model for the production of murine respiratory mycoplasmosis in mice. The exposure of mice for 30 min to aerosols generated with a DeVilbiss 45 nebulizer in a nose-only inhalation chamber consistently reproduced typical lesions. The chamber was operated with a nebulizer air flow of 5.3 liters/min at 5.0 lb/in2 and a diluting air flow of 20 liters/min, with the nebulizer containing 5 ml of a suspension of viable M. pulmonis organisms (a concentration between 6 .times. 105 to 6 .times. 1010 CFU/ml). Infective aerosol particles of less than a 4.0-.mu.m median aerodynamic diameter with a geometric standard deviation of approximately 2.0 reached the lungs and were evenly distributed among the different lung lobes. A minimum 1.5-log loss of viability in the M. pulmonis suspension was demonstrated. With the exception of the 50% lethal dose, all of the parameters previousy established by intranasal inoculation could be examined with the aerosol model. The major advantages of the aerosol model were excellent reproducibility of exposure (both between different experiments and between animals in a given experiment), the avoidance of anesthetization, and the ability to immediately deposit the majority of the organisms in the lung. The only disadvantage was the requirement for large volumes of mycoplasmal cultures.