The G???217A variant of the angiotensinogen gene affects basal transcription and is associated with hypertension in a Taiwanese population

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Abstract
Objective Polymorphisms of the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene, especially in the promoter region, are in linkage concordance and are associated with hypertension. In this study, we examined the role of AGT promoter polymorphisms, including G−217A, A−6G and M235T variants, and their promoter function in essential hypertension in Taiwanese populations. Design An association study was conducted to assess the genotype distribution between hypertensive patients and normotensive subjects. We also used a transient transfection assay to examine basal transcriptional activity of G−217A and A−6G variants in a mammalian cell system. Methods Hypertensive subjects (390) and normotensive controls (388) of Taiwanese ethnicity were genotyped for the AGT G−217A, A−6G and M235T variants. Promoter activity was studied by cloning the promoter region (−614 to +41 bp) of AGT into the pSEAP2-Basic reporter vector and performing a transient transfection assay in HuH7 and HepG2 cells. Results The G−217A variant of the AGT gene was significantly associated with hypertension (P = 0.0047), but the A−6G and M235T polymorphisms were not (P = 0.17 and P = 0.33, respectively). Furthermore, the recessive model of homozygous genotype (−217AA) conferred a high risk for hypertension (odds ratio 3.64) in this population. The −217A variant expressed higher transcriptional activity than −217G in vitro. Conclusions Our study showed a significant association between the −217A variant of the AGT gene and hypertension. This variant plays a functional role in basal transcription of AGT, and may confer a risk for hypertension in Taiwanese populations.