XXVII Vector Electronystagmography: A Method of Localizing Nystagmic Impulses within the Vestibular System

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Abstract
Vector electro-nystagmography [ENG] is presented as a method of vestibular system study that may allow differentiation and analysis of responses from both the otolith and the semicircular canal systems. It utilizes a 4-channel recording system consisting of horizontal, vertical, and 2 pairs of diagonal electrodes. Nystagmus, an oscillatory kinetic complex, resulting mainly from the corneo-retinal potential of the eyeball as a dipole and possibly influenced by other electrical fields, lends itself to vector analysis. Vector ENG offers the possibility of analyzing the shape and rotatory direction of the nystagmus, factors which are important in localizing the source of nystagmic impulses within the vestibular system. These conclusions are based on multiple channel ENGs performed during measurement of positional nystagmus and during labyrinthectomy for Meniere''s disease. Selective mechanical stimulation of utricle, saccule and anterior vertical canal was performed prior to end-organ destruction, and the nystagmic responses were recorded on the 4 ENG channels.

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