Deep high-dose erbium implantation of low-loss siliconoxynitride waveguides

Abstract
Photoluminescence studies of low-loss SiON waveguides deeply (2.8 MeV) implanted with erbium at concentrations up to 1 atm.% are reported. Rapid thermal annealing at 900°C is found to repair most of the implantation damage and results in a 5.3 ms 4I13/2 lifetime for 0.25 atm.% Er concentration. Measurements in 1 atm.% doped samples show significant erbium ion-ion interactions.