AGE, SEX, CARBOHYDRATE, ADRENAL CORTEX AND OTHER FACTORS IN ANOXIA

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Abstract
Fetal and new-born animals are highly resistant to anoxia. Infant rats show sharp declines in re-sistibility over the first 2 wks. of life, then become less tolerant than older animals. The large adrenals and high liver glycogen levels may be factors. Bats showed very high resistance to anoxia, out of many types studied. Adult [female] rats showed much longer anoxic survivals than [male] [male] over the external temp. range 16 [degree]-33 [degree]. No sex differences in tolerance were observed in infant animals. Survival times are inversely related to environmental temp.: for a 10[degree] drop, survivals were 50% longer. Glucose injns., also carbohydrate meals, increased greatly the resistance of rats to low barometric pressures; insulin markedly reduced resistance. CO2 O2/-15:85 mixtures given before exposure also markedly increased the survival periods; prebreathing the gases separately did not appear so effective. CO2 O2 given with glucose extended survivals greatest. Serum K, Na and Cl were not affected by anoxia. A large amt. of evidence pointed to specific adrenal influence in anoxia. Adrenalectomized infant rats did not withstand anoxia even as well as adults; cortical extracts induced longer survivals; under anoxia, the adrenals hypertrophy. The adrenal cortex probably operates through its carbohydrate-regulating mechanism in anoxia.

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