Haemorrhage and tissue electrolytes

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Abstract
The concentrations of Cl and of Na in the skeletal muscle of man, the pig and the fowl are reduced by about 1/3 if severe bleeding takes place before death. The rat does not react in this way; this may be due partly to the fact that rats do not bleed as freely as other, larger animals, but there may be a further species difference. The gross composition of the cells is probably little altered by bleeding. The inulin ""space" in the skeletal and cardiac muscle of a newborn pig was a little less than the Cl "space" but it was more than twice as large in the liver; inulin cannot be taken to measure the extracellular space in that organ.