Effect of Stress and Dietary Fatty Acids on Allograft Survival in the Rat

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Abstract
To determine the immunosuppressive effect of stress and a diet rich on linoleic acid on vascularized organ graft survival in the rat, a series of allogeneic heart and kidney grafts were carried out. Restraint stress resulted in a significant prolongation of the survival time. Although 5 days of postoperative stress gave the best results, 3 h of stress given on the first postoperative day already gave a marked prolongation of the survival time of kidney allografts. The beneficial effect of stress on heart survival was abolished when prior adrenalectomy was carried out. A diet high on polyunsaturated fatty acids gave significant prolongation of the survival times of kidney-grafted rats. A diet high on saturated fatty acids did not result in a statistical significant prolongation of the survival time, although the difference with the polyunsaturated fatty acid group was very small and not statistically significant. It was concluded that stress and diets high in certain types of fatty acids depress the immune response in rats, possibly via a mechanism which has some common pathways. The adrenal glands could play an important role in this immune inhibition.