Practical implementation of the barometric method for measurement of tidal volume

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Abstract
The barometric method is unique in permitting measurement of tidal volume in a totally noninvasive manner. Its application and accuracy have been limited by several complex problems. These include control of inspired gas composition, base-line stability, and asymmetry of processes occurring during inspiration and expiration. A new method is described that addresses these problems and facilitates long-term measurements. New calculations, which avoid previous errors that caused the method to systematically underestimate tidal volume, are illustrated.