A PROTEIN ELECTROPHORETIC STUDY OF THREE AMPHIPLOIDS AND EIGHT SPECIES INAVENA

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Abstract
Seed proteins of three synthetic amphiploids, one autotetraploid and eight species that include representatives of all ploidy levels and karyotypes of Avena were studied by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. Complete or nearly complete additiveness in banding pattern of the parental protein was obtained in the amphiploids and mechanical mixtures. The pattern of autotetraploid A. pilosa was more similar to the amphiploid derived from its diploid and A. sativa than to its diploid form. This was interpreted as a dosage effect indicating the presence of the same genes in both parental species. No distinct zonation of protein bands was apparent in the basic gels, but in the acidic gels a gap separated the fastest moving bands from the slower bands. About 50% of the bands were common to all species studied, indicating extensive residual homology. The A and C genome diploids were readily separated by band differences, the A genome protein patterns were essentially identical and the C genomes differed primarily in band number. The tetraploid protein patterns differed but the hexaploids had high homology and intraspecific polymorphism was detected in the hexaploid cultivars. Almost complete homology occurred between the A genome spectrum and the tetraploid and hexaploid patterns, as well as between the C genome spectrum and the tetraploid A. magna and the hexaploid protein patterns. Protein homology in Avena indicated close genomic relationships.