Effects of Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide on Livability and Fertility of Frozen Bovine Spermatozoa

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Abstract
Comparison of various methods of applying N2 and CO2 indicates that flushing ampules just prior to sealing was superior to other methods tested. Post-thawing motility was slightly higher for the semen flushed with N2 and motility of semen stored at various intervals and temperatures after thawing was consistently higher for the N2 treated samples. Breeding efficiencies based on 60-90 day non-returns for 277 first services was 74.0% for N2 treated semen as compared to 71.5% for 292 first services with non-treated semen.