Emergence traps for aquatic insects

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Abstract
Synopsis The uses of emergence traps are listed and the need for designing traps to meet the demands of specific habitats is pointed out. Descriptions are given of three types of trap which have been found practicable: a profundal trap for lakes, a shallow water one for lake littorals and small bodies of standing water, and a stream trap for use in fast-flowing shallow water. Sources of error and the limitations of the traps are discussed and alternative methods reviewed. It is concluded that the catches obtained in traps should be considered to give relative but not absolute numbers of insects.