Shock

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Abstract
DURING the past year, numerous symposiums and monographs have been published to guide the practitioner and investigator in the diagnosis and treatment of shock.1 2 3 4 5 From this wealth of new information, 3 common varieties are clearly emerging: hypovolemia, vasodilatation; and an ineffective cardiopulmonary pump.Causes and Types Hypovolemic shock (cold shock) is produced by loss from the circulating vascular space to the exterior or internal body compartments, – that is, the peritoneum, pleural cavity or extracellular spaces. Usually, it is caused by injury, hemorrhage, burns, operative trauma and salt and water depletion, and it complicates peritoneal diseases such as peritonitis, pancreatitis . . .