Optoelectronic Phase-Tracking and Waveform Display of Microwave Signals up to 8 GHz Using Gain-Switched Laser Diodes

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Abstract
We present a new, more versatile scheme for maintaining phase coherence between optical probe pulses and microwave signals under test in a laser-diode-based optoelectronic sampling system. This approach takes advantage of the relative ease of changing the repetition rate of the gain-switched laser diode (GSLD). The microwave signal to be sampled is used as the clock signal for phase-locking of a voltage controlled-oscillator (VCO) which drives the GSLD. Phase-tracking and display of waveforms at frequencies up to 8 GHz have been realized. It is also shown that lower phase noise sidebands for the phase-locked VCO can be realized by locking the higher harmonics of the laser pulse to the microwave clock.