Bounds of divided universal Bernoulli numbers and universal Kummer congruences

Abstract
Let be a prime. We obtain good bounds for the -adic sizes of the coefficients of the divided universal Bernoulli number <!-- MATH $\tfrac{\hat{B}_n}{n}$ --> when is divisible by . As an application, we give a simple proof of Clarke's 1989 universal von Staudt theorem. We also establish the universal Kummer congruences modulo for the divided universal Bernoulli numbers for the case , which is a new result.

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