Inhibition of Wnt-2-mediated signaling induces programmed cell death in non-small-cell lung cancer cells

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Abstract
In this report, we have demonstrated that Wnt-2 protein is overexpressed in freshly resected human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues. We have also developed a monoclonal antibody against the N-terminus of human Wnt-2 protein. This monoclonal antibody induces apoptosis in human NSCLC cell lines that overexpress Wnt-2 protein. Incubation of this antibody with normal human airway cells lacking Wnt-2 expression does not induce apoptosis. Wnt-2 signaling blockade by the anti-Wnt-2 antibody is confirmed by downregulation of cytosolic β-catenin and reduction in TCF-dependent transcriptional activity (TOPFLASH assay). In addition, Wnt-2-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) treatment in the NSCLC cell line A549 also downregulated cytosolic β-catenin and induced apoptosis. Moreover, downregulation of an inhibitor of apoptosis family protein, Survivin, was noticed both in the Wnt-2 antibody- and siRNA-treated NSCLC cells, suggesting that inhibition of Wnt-2-mediated signaling induces apoptosis through inactivating Survinin.