Ichnocoenoses of a turbidite sole

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Abstract
Specimens of 13 ichnospecies and their spatial distributions were analyzed on a spectacular cast of a turbidite sole surface (2.9 m2), from Eocene flysch of Spain. The distribution tends to be patchy. Except for postturbidite Granularia, no intraspecies overcrossing was observed. Overlapping and intersecting graphoglyptids indicate that they were formed at different times. This difference may result from (1) ecologic succession of their producers, (2) upward migration of a tiered community following sediment accretion, or (3) synchronous burrowing on the whole area, the specific places of occupation shifting with time.