Growth of Aluminum Whiskers below the Melting Point of Aluminum

Abstract
Pure aluminum whiskers have been grown from aluminum-indium alloy films deposited at -70degC when heated at about 140degC. Most whiskers were observed to grow from their roots along the direction, and they had ball-like substances containing a large amount of indium at their tips. It seems that indium metal promotes aluminum whisker growth but not through the VLS mechanism. No axial dislocation was observed, but single and/or multiple twins were occasionally observed.

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