Quantification of different yeasts associated with the bark beetle,Ips typographus, during its attack on a spruce tree

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Abstract
There were different amounts and types of yeasts associated with individuals ofIps typographus spruce bark beetles during different phases of their attack on a healthy spruce tree. The yeasts were isolated on Sabouraud agar medium in order to identify them and estimate their numbers.Hansenula holstii andCandida diddensii type yeasts were most frequently isolated. The increase in number of these two yeast types probably accounted for most of the total yeast increase found during the later attack phases of the bark beetles. Lesser amounts ofHansenula capsulata, Pichia pinus, Candida nitratophila, and twoCryptococcus type yeasts were also found.