Theoretical study of ferroelectric composites made from CA-modiified lead titanate ceramics

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Abstract
A model for piezoelectric composites based on the calculation of the volumetric fractions of ceramic with 1–3 and 0–3 connectivity by the Monte Carlo method is applied to composites of Ca-modified lead titanate. Calculations of the piezoelectric coefficients d 33 and g 33 as well as the permittivity are shown and compared with the experimental results. The degree of heterogeneity is introduced to characterize the composites which presents a non-defined connectivity.